LUZBY BERNAL

domingo, 9 de enero de 2011

GREAT MOMENTS IN OPERA ,THE WORKS OF PUCCINI

“Si Mi Chiamano Mimi” From Puccini’s “La Boheme”




An article about the aria “Si Mi Chiamano Mimi” by the character Lucia, who in the opera “La Boheme” is referred to as Mimi; for a reason that she is not even aware of. This being an aria which is
wonderfully performed by Angela Gheorghiu.

It is act one of Puccini’s “La Boheme” and we see a writer by the name of Rodolfo, sitting all alone in a humble one
room apartment in Paris trying to write a story yet can not get started as he
does not feel the motivation to do so. It is just as he puts down his pen in
frustration that he hears a knock on the door which he naturally answers to
find out it is the woman who lives across the hall who has come to ask him if
he can light her candle which has gone out.

She comes in and Rodolfo is immediately attracted to her, he naturally doing what she requested of him however it is in those few seconds that his beautiful guest momentarily
faints; much to his disquiet. Rodolfo asks her if she is feeling ill, telling
her she is pale and offers her some wine which she accepts. It is after a sip
of wine that this lovely lady from across the hall feels it would be best if
she went back to her place yet it is as she is about to leave that she realizes
she has lost her key in Rodolfo’s room. She then worried informs Rodolfo about
her key yet just as she does the light from her candle blows out which prompts
her host to do likewise as to make the mood more romantic.

Rodolfo and his endearing guest begin to look for the key while she mentions she is inopportune to hear him say nothing could be further from the truth yet as they continue to
search in the dark the key is found. Rodolfo however hides it from its owner as
he pretends to look further for what he already has in his pocket. It being
after a few minutes that Rodolfo declares that there is no point to looking in
the dark but fortunately it is a night moon which makes him take the woman who
he has come to look upon for all the beauty she posses; by the hand as he tells
her all about himself. Rodolfo informing her that he is a poet who lives in
poverty but writes rhymes of love which enrich his life like a great lord for
his soul is that of a millionaire which creates castles in the air.

It is after Rodolfo formally introduces himself to his late night guest that she does likewise in an aria that begins “Si mi chiamano Mimi ma mio nome e Lucia”. This
meaning “they call me Mimi but my name is Lucia”, it being after this opening
sentence that Mimi starts to speak about herself; refereeing to herself as
somebody who lives alone and is calm; as she likes to look at roof tops from
her window. Mimi also tells of how she makes plastic flowers which have no
smell while she adores all that be romantic such as poetry yet in all it is not
in her words or what she describes but the way she and Rodolfo seem to be
understanding each other that creates a moment of incredible harmony. As the
one which is shared by those whose desires are mutual to find themselves in
relationship of adoration. Mimi in this aria makes us feel the simplicity of a
woman of few if any pretenses while allowing us to sense the love inside of
her; for not only life but the one whom she has also stirred up emotions in.
Mimi and Rodolfo in their introductions become enamored, as is clearly the case
in both their arias which conclude with their voices joining in a declaration
of what they feel as they take their exit.

This in my opinion is one of the most uplifting arias in opera as Mimi reveals herself in a manner that we can see is sincere whilst remaining humble and modest in a
loving way. I, for my part as a writer can see myself in real life playing this
role in front of Angela Gheorghiu; the love of my opera world; specially since
I like Rodolfo have created so many verses of emotions to be shared with one as
she.

 “Un Bel Di Vedremo” From Puccini’s “Madame Butterfly”


 An article about the aria of hope and expectations of a lovely Japanese girl waiting for the man she loves and is married to.

 Puccini’s opera “Madame Butterfly” tells the story of an American captain by the name of Pinkerton, whose travels take him to Japan where he accepts a teenage Japanese girl; going by the name
of Madame Butterfly in an arranged marriage. This being very common in Japan at
the time for such marriages to take place which Pinkerton accepts though does
not really understand or care to know what such a union truly involves and what
it might mean to the young girl in question.

The young girl for her part, who is referred to as Madame Butterfly accepts this marriage, as in fact she has little choice in the matter though she does take to the ways of love for captain Pinkerton; whose title and position have
truly impressed her. She being one who had never known much if anything about
the outside world until she meets the American captain Pinkerton, whose looks
have also caused her to fall in love for the first time in her life.

It is after their initial meeting and with everything having been arranged that Madame Butterfly and captain Pinkerton get married in typical Japanese wedding which is followed by the romance that usually includes all the joy to
be experienced by those who have just entered in to such a union. Madame Butter
even becoming impregnated in this time which to her is like one of fantasy, as
her every wish and desire is met by the man who has come to mean everything to
her; who given her age and naivety is very impressionable. This time however
though a happy one does not last very long as captain Pinkerton is called away
on duty and is forced to leave Japan indefinitely. Madame Butterfly however is
not worried since she is sure her husband will return to her and as such he
waits and does not even take in to consideration that over three years have
passed since he left.

It is however in this time that her son is born, whom she is forced to take care of not only without the help of her husband since he is away but also without his financial support as he does not even send money for the raising of
their child. It is this set of circumstances which leads many to try to
convince Madame Butterfly that perhaps she would be better of moving on with
her life and forgetting about captain Pinkerton.

Madame Butterfly for her part is adamant in her believe that Pinkerton will return to her and will not hear talk to the contrary even from her faithful servant Suzuki, who remains by her side despite the fact she is no longer being
paid for her services. It is at the start of act two that we see Suzuki praying
to the gods for Madame Butterfly’s tears to stop yet Madame Butterfly herself
is secure that the love of her life, captain Pinkerton will return. This being
the message she hopes to send, not only to her skeptical servant but to herself
as she sings the aria “Un Bel Di Vedremo” in which she with all the hope still
inside her; almost dreamingly describes how it will be when captain Pinkerton
returns to her. Madame Butterfly painting images with her words of how
Pinkerton’s ship will return and he will see her in the distance and shout out
“little girl” with love while she with joy welcomes him back home. Butterfly
even declaring with a passion and excitement as if she were living the moment
the phrase “tutto questo avera ti lo protto”, which in English would be all
this will happen I promise.

 The aria “Un Bel Di Vedremo” to me is one that is lovely in not only its words but music which seems to elevate hopes and expectations to fever points that raise as Madame Butterfly lives her
dream of Pinkerton’s return. As if experiencing what she is almost certain will
occur when captain Pinkerton returns yet for my part, I can not help thinking
that perhaps she is also trying to convince herself that what she is saying
will transform in to reality. This aria also being one to leave a powerful
impression on most, as it captures what in my opinion is the true essence of a
woman who wishes nothing other than for her husband to return; so that theirs
might be again.

Many have interpreted this aria yet to my sentiments it is my favorite soprano, Angela Gheorhiu who performs it with all the force of both her personality and character; adding so much as to allow one to hear the pleas of
that Japanese girl; so much in love yet perhaps deluded in to thinking that all
would be as she thought.   

Puccini’s “Nesun Dorma” From Turandot



“Nesun Dorma” is one of my friend  Misha-Lamè’s favorite arias in all of opera and it is in her honor that I have chosen to write this
article about this particular piece by Puccini.

The music in Puccini’s “Turandot” is one of the greatest I have ever heard, as it in fact has outstanding moments such as the arias “Signore, Ascolta” and “Nesun Dorma”
along with several others yet I must say it also has one of the dumbest stories
ever written. It not only being one which is sort of like a sadistic fairy tale
where none of the actions of the characters actually make any sense but one in
which cruelty wins out in the end.

The story is one of a Chinese princess by the name of Turandot who decides that she will marry the first prince (has to be a prince, for a commoner simply will not do) who
can correctly answer her three questions. Naturally those who fail to answer
her questions correctly will be executed by having their heads chopped off,
seems fair after all if they are allowed to live than what price would they
have paid for failing.  In spite of this
danger or perhaps because of it several princes come from far and wide to
China, where they risk loosing more than their pride in order that they might
marry Turandot; which makes me stop and think if perhaps there is a lack of
ladies in their own kingdoms.

It is only after several princes have tried and of course failed that an unknown prince comes to Beijing or Peking (as one cares to call it) where he meets his father, a
dethroned king; accompanied by a faithful servant by the name of Lu. It is when
this prince, whom strangely enough nobody, not even his own father knows his
name; sees princess Turandot that he falls madly in love with her to the point
of not only wanting her hand in marriage but that of being willing to literally
risk his neck for it. Many at that point try to convince him that perhaps his
is not such a good idea though all of this advice is in vain for this unknown
prince is adamant in wanting to try to answer the three questions in order to
get Turandot’s hand in marriage.

The unknown prince than after having asked for the challenge, actually answers all three questions correctly which in fact means Turandot, the princess of his dreams
will have to marry him yet this would mean the end of story. Turandot in fact
refuses to marry this prince, saying she will not be given away as if she were
a slave which makes me think why then did she offer herself if she was not
willing to pay up unless all she wanted to see was princes loose their heads
over her and not even as a figure of speech. Naturally her father, the king
says the oath is sacred and must be kept, as he argues that one can not have it
both ways. This being that when one wins, one receives but when one looses, one
refuses to pay up. Turandot however begs and carries on as if she expected
anybody to feel sorry for her when she in fact is cheating on a bet; not that
she showed any merci what so ever when it came time to decapitate those princes
who failed to answer her questions. 

It however is only after having used every argument Turandot could think of that she accepts to marry this prince; whose name in fact is Calaf yet she will not go down
without a fight. Turandot even threatening that though she will respect the
promise, she will only do so reluctantly and that she will be miserable and
make her husband equally unhappy though for my part; I really do not see how
her personality will change all that much from what it is at present. It is at
this point that prince Calaf in an act of either nobility or extreme stupidity
proposes a counter offer to princess Turandot which goes as follows. If she can
guess his name before dawn then she will get to execute him just as she has
done with the others who could not answer her questions but if she does not
guess his name; then and only then will they get married. Of course to me it
seems that either way he looses but that aside, princess Turandot accepts this
challenge as she really has nothing to loose.

It is under these set of circumstances that princess Turandot decrees that no one in the city may sleep until they find out the name of this prince, who in fact is from Persia.
Prince Calaf for his part is waiting for dawn to come and as he does so he
hears the cries of “Nesun Dorma” (nobody sleep) to prevent people from going to
sleep until they find out what princess Turandot needs to know. Calaf than
repeats the phrase “Nesun Dorma” and starts in on this, one of the most
powerful arias in opera; as he sings “my mystery is closed in me and my name no
one will ever know, on your mouth I will say it when the light comes out” to
end with “al alba vincero, vincero, vin-ce (very long and loud on this syllable)
ro. This last part meaning at dawn I will triumph, triumph, triumph. The music
is imposing in this aria as it is in most of this brilliant opera even if the
story at times could be considered a tad unintelligent though in this
particular part, not only do the lyrics but the music capture an incredible
sensation of truly being victorious. This given how the music rises, as if
putting in all the thrill of a conqueror while the word “vincero” is repeated
three times with the last one fully allowing us to appreciate the tenor voice
in all its glory.

Luciano Pavarotti, once described the tenor voice as being “an educated scream” and it is my opinion that in this particular aria, we see what he meant; as it seems
to have been written specially for him. This being the case that many great
tenors have sung this aria yet there is something about it that is ideal for
Pavarotti’s power which he is able to elevate expressly at the end when it is
most required in what falls nothing short of a climatic finale.

As an extra note to this aria, I would like to add that Puccini in fact died before the opera was completed which meant he, himself was unable to finish it though he was
able to complete “Nesun Dorma”. It being this particular piece which was the
last thing her ever wrote.

Puccini’s “O Mio Babbino Caro” From Gianni Schicchi


An article about the aria “O Mio Babbino caro” taken from Puccini’s opera Gianni Schicchi.

Puccini’s opera “Gianni Schicchi” which lasts one act starts out with the death of a man whose fortune attracts many. All of them wanting to inherit as much as possible and
it is with sadness and hope that they go through the recently deceased’s house;
looking for the will that will clarify who will receive what and how much.
Lauretta for her part only wants enough money so that she and her beloved may
at last get married.

It is however once the will is found that all receive a shock when they are made aware that all has been left to a convent and nothing for them. Alarmed they do not know
what to do while Laureta says good bye to all hope of being happy with the man
of her adoration. It is nonetheless in this despair that the idea comes to mind
of calling for Lauretta’s father; Gianni Schichi. It being he who though
unpopular with most is thought to be the only one who can find a solution to
the problem and save them from receiving nothing from a will they feel should
have been more generous with them.

Gianni Schicchi however once made aware of the situation refuses to help these people, whom he sees as opportunists and little else; this being what he declares in no unclear way
with the words “Al propo di quella gente niente, niente” as he crosses his arms
in anger. The translation of this in to English being “concerning those people,
I will do nothing, nothing” yet it is as the music is dying out along with the
hopes of all that a faint sound starts to rise; almost out of the ashes of
tragedy that are all about. It is heard softly, almost in the background as a
pleading voice cries out “O mio babbino caro”. This meaning “oh, my dear
father” along with the rest of the aria which Lauretta sings to her father as
she begs him to help her and her beloved get the money they will need to get
married yet in all there is so much love and true passion; as lauretta’s
suffering is tremendous. It being clear in the message she sends to her father
about how if her love would prove to be in vain she would prefer to throw
herself in the river than to go on.

“O Mio Babbino Caro” is a romantic aria yet it differs from most in being a plea in the name of love from a young lady, not to the one she wishes to be with but to her
father; not to ignore her adoration for the one she feels she can not live
without. These sentiments being accompanied by a music which has a feeling of
longing which seems will never really be fulfilled yet it implores along with
the cries of lauretta; who wishes more than anything that her father give her
this which to her has become everything.

Naturally, it is after hearing his daughter’s supplication that Gianni Schichi agrees to do what he can so the fortune which was promised to a convent will remain with those in
the room and by virtue of which his daughter will be able to be taken to wife
by the man who likewise adores her. As for “O Mio Babbino Caro”, it has been
used outside of the opera on many an occasion; with notable cases being the
film “A Room With A View” and a female figure skater who won the gold medal at
the 2006 winger Olympics. This perhaps due to the music which seems to be
slowly releasing hope and passion in a way resembling a figure skater in the
act of gliding across not only ice but clouds.

There have been many great divas to perform “O Mio Babbino Caro” through out the years yet I would say that my favorite soprano and love of my opera life, Angela Gheorghiu
is superb; specially in taking the very high note that comes almost at the very
begging. It being when Lauretta is telling her father how beautiful she finds
the one she sings about. As a footnote to this aria I can add that in the
dialect of Toscana, “babbo” means father with the word “babbino” being its
affectionate version. 

Puccini’s “Quando M'en Vo” From “La Boheme”


An article about the aria “Quando m'en vo”, performed by a woman desperate to regain the man she wants back.

 The aria “Quando m'en vo” takes place in the second act of Puccini’s opera “La Boheme” and it is sung by Musetta, a well known singer trying
to get back the love of the one whom she broke up with. As for the act, it
starts with Rodolfo, Mimi, Marcelo and the rest of their group going out to a
café on Christmas eve. It being there were Rodolfo and Mimi sing about their
newly found love with Mimi claiming that love is sweeter than honey which
prompts Marcelo to bitterly reply “it depends on weather it is faithful”.
Marcelo making it abundantly clear to all that he is grief stricken over the
loss of Musetta yet only a few minutes go by before she accompanied by a much
older man enters the place where Marcelo finds himself in.

Marcelo for his part tries to ignore Musetta, who does everything within her power to be noticed by him that includes talking loudly and even smashing a plate on the
floor which she claims smells of grease. Musetta doing so despite the fact that
she is in the society of another man yet in her attempts Marcelo manages not to
pay attention though all can see that he is struggling not to show the love he
feels for her. As all are aware that his resistance is but wounded pride and
not lack of affection.

Musetta however seeing that there is hope that Marcelo will notice her starts her aria “Quando m'en vo”, knowing that all eyes in the place are focused on her. It being in
this aria in which she claims that when she walks down the street people can
not help but stare and admire her beauty from head to toe. Marcelo however gets
slightly irritated as Musetta mentions this along with how she is aware that he
is dying of desire for her which his hurt feelings will not let him show yet
she knows deep down that he still loves her. Musetta’s elder male companion for
the evening, as can be expected is not amused, as he asks her to speak softer;
repeating the word “piano, piano” yet Musetta caries on while all are aware
that Marcelo will give in to her desires as he always has in the past. This
being precisely what Marcelo does as he at the end of the aria joins in by
adding that if Musetta should ever knock on his door he will always be there
for her.

Musetta’s aria in the second act of “La Boheme” is one which uses very high notes as she shrieks to call attention to herself
and even get on the nerves of some in what is her capricious nature yet it in
my opinion captures the essence of a woman who longs to not only perk a man’s
interest but also fill him with jealousy. This as to inspire desire for the
tenderness she posses. It is also during Musetta’s aria that other characters
such as Mimi lend a voice of support to her cause that she and Marcelo belong
together; for they were meant to be in spite of anything which might have
occurred. Another feature of this aria by Musetta is that she goes on with her
almost pleas, as if performing for one man in spite of how she is singing to
others; who comment on what she has to say.      

Puccini’s “Ricondita Armonia” From “Tosca”

 An article about the aria “Ricondita Armonia” from the opera “Tosca” which I would sing to Angela Gheorghiu, the love of my opera life; if my voice were of a
quality to express what I feel.
 “Ricondita Armonia” (“Hidden Harmony” in English) is an aria which in my opinion seems to have been composed specially for Placido Domingo, in the same way that “Nesun Dorma was for
Luciano Pavarotti; as there is something about it that lends itself so
perfectly to Domingo’s voice. Domingo, having one of those voices which I would
describe as “pastosa” while at the same time powerful and full of passion yet
does not streak in the fashion other tenors.

As for the aria “Ricondita Armonia”, it is taken from Puccini’s “Tosca” which is in part about the love affair between the famous singer, Floria Tosca and the painter Mario Cavaradossi; who at the start
of the opera finds himself in a church where he has been commissioned to paint
a portrait of Maria Magdalena. It being almost at the very begging that we hear
this aria sung by Mario Cavaradossi about the love of his life, Tosca who does
not make her entrance until after “Ricondita Armonia” which serves both as an
introduction to her as well as the sentiments felt by the one who so
passionately sings praises to the one he adores.

“Ricondito Armonia” in fact starts when the church’s sacristan notices in almost horror how much Cavaradossi’s painting of the Magdalena resembles a woman he recognizes as a regular at his church;
who in fact is the famous singer Floria Tosca. Mario Cavaradossi however feels
Tosca as his inspiration as he goes back to work with the words “dami color”
(give me paint) and starts in on the aria “Ricondita Armonia” in which he
describes his beloved Tosca whose features can be found in the painting his
brush has created. Mario Cavaradossi continues with lust and tenderness in his
voices as the words “E bruna Floria la ardente amante mia” (she is a brunette,
my ardent lover) while the sacristan complains about his speaking of his
desires for Tosca inside the church; whom he compares to the saints. Mario
Cavarodossi however is moved by his love for Tosca, whom he describes with all
the devotion some in the very place he finds himself might have dedicated to
the virgin Mary yet to him as he explains; it is Tosca who is his only thought
while he creates with colors on canvas.

Cavaradossi’s love for Tosca in this aria is all too clear in the way he allows us to envision her with his phrases yet it is also Puccini’s music which permits us to feel what he must be experiencing
at just the thought of she so complete in sensual femininity. This all with a
harmony that like the title is hidden yet seems to slowly pour out, as if honey
that gives yet obliges us to wait in anticipation for that which we so much
long for in Cavaradossi’s words “il mio sol pensier se tu, sei tu”. This being
“my only thought is you, is you” in English.

For my part, I can only declare that “Ricondita Armonia” is one of my favorite arias dedicated to love and the desires to arise from it, as it with suffering that equals passion describes
the one who to me is Angela Gheorghiu. Angela Gheorghiu, the one whose
exquisite beauty this aria describes not only in the physical aspect to include
her dark mane but the sensuality of the woman she is who performs the role of
Tosca with all the fervent characteristics I associate with her. This leading
me to the conclusion that the role of Tosca was intended to be sung by a great
diva with the temperament of Angela, so capable of lending her talent and at
times capricious ways to this most dramatic of opera characters.

“Che Gelida Manina” From Puccini’s “La Boheme”


 An article about one of Puccini’s most inspiring arias dedicated to Rodolfo’s adoration of the seamstress Mimi from across the hall who in a matter of minutes has fallen as deeply in love with
him as he with her.

“Che Gelida Manina” being an aria which I would love to sing to my Joannuszk Slisznuszka, for it is one that impresses upon romance. As it expresses the hopes of one man
to delight the lady with whom he wishes to share more than an evening.

In the first act of Puccini’s opera “La Boheme”, we find Alfredo trying to write an article which he does not feel up to and it
is just as he gives up on attempting which he no longer has any will to do that
he hears a woman knocking on his door. She is the seamstress from across the
hall, who goes by the name of Mimi. It is upon entrance that Rodolfo and Mimi
fall in love and it is after a fainting spell by Mimi and having shared a glass
of wine that Mimi decides that perhaps she had better go yet is detained when
she looses her key in Rodolfo’s apartment.

Rodolfo and Mimi, naturally go about looking for Mimi’s key in Rodolfo’s dark apartment. The key in fact having been lost by Mimi on purpose which Rodolfo, in all truth has
already found but none the less pretends to be looking for. It however is after
looking for what one already has found yet pretends not to have while the other
does not let on that she knows that her key rests in the pocket of her host,
that Rodolfo suddenly grabs Mimi’s hand. This being much to Mimi’s shock, who
had not expected such a sudden burst of affection and it is with the words “Che
Gelida Manina” (what a cold hand) that Rodolfo begins to express his sentiments
which he can no longer control for the simple but lovely; Mimi.

Mimi, at first is slightly shy about having her hand held by Rodolfo yet does not attempt to take her hand away as she is enchanted by the man she came to visit. Rodolfo
continues as Mimi looks with affection in to his eyes, with the tender words
“let me warm your hand” as both suddenly find themselves under the spell of the
evening and the desires brought on by their own feelings for each other.

Rodolfo sensing his moment continues “what good is looking in the dark but fortunately it is a night of moon”. This being the instant in which both realize there is no point
in looking any further for a key when what they have found is so much more
precious than anything they could ever hope to find in that room. Rodolfo then
seeing how Mimi is looking upon him with longing to equal his own takes the
opportunity to introduce himself by saying “aspetti signorina, le diro con due
parole chi son” (I will tell you, young lady who I am in two words) with a
voice which seems to raise itself with passion to the very stars which are
above them.

Rodolfo making clear his wishes that Mimi and he become well acquainted as he continues with all the riches of his affections “I am poet, what do I do, I write and how I
live, I live. In poverty I carry on but in my dreams I am great man, and write
rhymes of love with castles in the air. I have the soul of a millionaire”.
Rodolfo at this point capturing all the imagination and fantasy of what
romantic opera is at its grandest, in what could be considered the inspiration
of idealism filled with yearning to make those in the audience realize that
this is the strength of Puccini.

I, for my part have a personal relationship with this aria; It being one which I would love to sing to my Joanna Slisznuszka in the hopes that ours might end in sexuality. As
I too like Rodolfo am a writer and a poet, who aims to create visions of
grandness in the air with my words which are what I use to express myself. This
perhaps being the reason this particular aria fills me with hope that my work
might someday create the same sensation in others which this aria does on my
sentiments of romance.   

 

The Third Act Of Puccini’s Opera “La Boheme”


An article about the third act of Puccini’s opera “La Boheme. It being in this act in which two couples separate yet for
completely diverse reasons which involve the complications often played in the
roles of love.

It is in the first two acts of “La Boheme” that we see two couples come together in the ways of affections to desire one
another in a relationships of romance. These two couples being “Rodolfo and
Mimi” and “Marcelo and Musetta”, the first of which are introduced to one
another in a sensational scene of fondness and tenderness while the second
couple get back together; after having broken up for reasons not connected to
lack of love but a misunderstanding.

Act three of “La Boheme” for the most part does not have any outstanding arias yet in a way that whole act has a tragic beauty of its own. It starting when Mimi confides in Marcelo with all the
sadness in her that Rodolfo is very jealous and that even her slightest glance
in any direction lifts his suspicion that she might be having an affair with
another man. Marcelo listens to Mimi with care and responds that under such
circumstances, it is better not to live together. It is then that Rodolfo is
heard coming back which makes Mimi hide, as she is in fact avoiding him.

Rodolfo enters the scene (which in fact takes place near Paris’s city wall, on a cold snowy night) and immediately tells Marcelo, he wishes to end his relationship with
Mimi. This not really coming to Marcelo’s surprise, who simply says “if that is
the way you see it”. Rodolfo at this point feels the need to explain his
actions which he does so by saying that once he thought his heart was dead till
Mimi came along yet she is (according to his own accord) a flirtatious tramp,
who goes around showing her legs to every man.

It is at this moment that perhaps Rodolfo had made his point only to have his friend, Marcelo look upon him with disbelieve and declare “lo devo dir, non me sembre sincer”
(I must tell you, I don’t think you are being sincere). It being these words
which make Rodolfo see for himself that there is no point in lying, for such
accusations even he finds hard to believe and it is with great grief to replace
his previous rage that he in a tragic way begins by saying “Ok, It is not
true”. Rodolfo starting to tell the truth that his Mimi is very ill and getting
worse and worse everyday, as her cough sounds terrible and it is made worse by
having to live with him in his squalid home where winter’s cold air gets in.
Rodolfo becoming sad at the reality of his life which does not allow him to
provide for Mimi and yet he is aware that if she were to leave him, she could
find a man of wealth; who could grant her the warm house she needs. Rodolfo
continues to tell Marcelo that this is his true torture in life, he loves Mimi
and it is for this reason that he must let her go; so she might be with someone
who will be able to give her what he so desperately wishes to but simply can
not.

Mimi, for her part is listening all the while and is now aware of why Rodolfo has been so quarrelsome with her later. It being clear to her that he wanted to break off
with her yet not for the reason of jealousy but for what he considered to be
the good of her health. Mimi, then coming out of her hiding place to face
Rodolfo while Marcelo hears Musetta laughing in the distance and naturally
assumes she is flirting with another man. This prompting him to ask with whom
she is laughing with as he goes in pursuit of her while Mimi and Rodolfo sing
about their love yet agree to part company as friends without rancor, as they
tenderly share what they think will be the last moment of their great romance.

It being in this time that Musetta and Marcelo, fight and call each other names which both scream at one another without really meaning but wishing to bring hurt on to
the other. This being the case that they in all reality do love one another
despite their constant bickering and quarreling. It is in this fashion that act
three of “La Boheme”
ends, as we hear Rodolfo and Mimi praising the love they have had but can not
continue or Mimi will not survive the winter while Musetta and Marcelo hurl
insults at each other. 

For my part, I would love to take my good friend “Joannuszka Slisznuszka” to see “La Boheme”, as it was created or at least in my opinion for people like her and myself; who are full of
optimism and romance. It capturing the essence of what impossible love is
between two people who despite their best efforts can not be together given
their circumstances. 

Act One Of Puccini’s “La Fanciulla Del West”


An article about Puccini’s opera “La Fanciulla Del West” which sees a woman cheat at cards in order to, not only save the man she
loves but avoid having to marry one; she; in all truth does not. It being this
spirit in Minnie which reminds me of my friend Marcela Vanmak, who bears many
similarities to the Minnie, who is also known as the fanciulla del west or the
girl from the golden west.

The opera “La Fanciulla Del West” is one of Puccini’s lesser known operas. It not having achieved the worldwide fame of some his other works such as “La
Boheme” or “Madame Butterfly” yet it has a beauty about it
which in my opinion manages to capture not only the romance of Italian opera
but the optimism of those who ventured west during the San Francisco gold rush.
This story in fact taking place sometime after 1849, somewhere near San
Francisco.

As for the plot, it is the story of a simple yet good woman by the name of Minnie, who owns and operates a salon called the Polka in a California mining town during the years
of the gold rush. Minnie is a woman who is greatly admired by the men of her
community, not only for her bible lessons but for the selfless deeds she
performs; such as taking care of the men when they are ill along with many
other acts of kindness. Minnie however is all alone, as she is a single woman living
in what could be for the most part considered a lawless land and it is
precisely with the intensions of providing her with the protection of a home
that Jack Rance (town sheriff ) offers to take her to wife. This being an offer
which she refuses, her claiming that she knows him to be a solid man, who would
give her a good home but on the other hand she feels that accepting marriage
simply on the grounds of convenience is not love. Jack Rance, for his part
feels that such matters are inconsequential and claims that her claims of love
are more poetic than reality. I in what concerns me, can see my friend and
fellow author, Marcela Vanmak playing the role of this brave woman, who has
traveled so far from her home to start a new life in a place which at the time
was a very hostile environment and despite the difficulties; managed to own her
own salon.

It is after Minnie, once again refuses Jack Rance’s proposal of marriage that she hears of a man who has ordered whisky with water which makes Minnie laugh, as to her way
of seeing things; this is what should be taken straight. Minnie however
recognizes him from before and agrees to serve him his drink as he has ordered
it yet it is at this moment that she is enchanted by the stranger calling
himself Dick Johnson, who apart from wanting a drink also wishes to invite
Minnie for a waltz which she gladly accepts. It being with grace that Minnie
and Johnson dance to the music being played by some of the guests at the Polka,
who also wish to express their apologies for having confused their newly
arrived guest with the wanted bandit, Ramirez.

As Minnie waltzes through the room, as if on a cloud of romance, guided by Johnson. It is clear to all, specially Jack Rance that there are strong emotions at work which are
directing the lady whom they all know and respect in to sentiments of adoration
for the newly arrived stranger. Jack Rance, feels jealousy yet says nothing
while Minnie dances in Johnson’s arms, who is every bit the gallant gentleman
to take his lady by the hand with a smile to dazzle this simply yet good
hearted woman. It however is while Minnie and Johnson are finding in each
other’s eyes the adoration for one another which till that moment they had not
in any other that a man going by the name of Castro, is brought in to the
salon; who in fact belongs to Ramirez’s gang of bandits. Castro has agreed to
lead the sheriff to his boss yet before he leaves the Polka, to naturally take
Rance’s men on a wild goose chase; he secretly informs Johnson (who in reality is
the bandit, Ramirez) that somebody will whistle and that he should reply if and
when it is safe to rob the Polka saloon.

Johnson is left alone with Minnie, whom he has fallen in love with as she with him, as in fact both confess this to each other and it is then that the expected whistle is
heard yet Johnson in what can be seen as an act which is out of character for
him does not respond to inform that the Polka is empty. Minnie in fact has been
so much taken in by Johnson that she shows him the golden keg which is kept in
the Polka and guarded around the clock by not only herself but the rest of the
miners. Johnson looks at Minnie with all the tenderness which had never been
his to give to any other woman, as he assures her that this treasure is safe just
where it is.

Minnie and Johnson agree to meet in her cabin the following evening as they part company yet it is with tears that Minnie does so. As they sing away about their newly
found love as Minnie confesses to Johnson that she felt like a woman who was
good for nothing but was living a dream because of him. Johnson on the other
hand expresses his feelings on to Minnie that she is a woman of true value who
deserves so much in what brings act one to a close.

“La Fanciulla Del West” can be considered Puccini’s American opera much like “Turandot” can be considered his Chinese opera while “Madame Butterfly” his Japanese opera yet while Turadot and
Madame Butterfly have musical elements of the countries where there stories
take place; La Fanciulla Del
West has nothing what so ever in common with American music. This to the point
that it has very little, if anything to do with America apart from its story.
As the music is typically Italian, in all sense of the word though some very
slight American melodies can be picked up. They in reality being so faint that
one would have to be the possessor of a very sensitive ear but these melodies
do make their presence felt in an opera which musically speaking almost holds
nothing to make it American.



Act Two Of Puccini’s “La Fanciulla Del West”

An article about Puccini’s opera “La Fanciulla Del West” which sees a woman cheat at cards in order to, not only save the man she
loves but avoid having to marry one; she; in all truth does not. It being this
spirit in Minnie which reminds me of my friend Marcela Vanmak, who bears many
similarities to the Minnie, who is also known as the fanciulla del west or the
girl from the golden west.

In act two of “La Fanciulla Del West”, we see Minnie go home to her cabin, where she takes special care in decorating herself in what Americans dub “her Sunday best” in order to await the arrival of he;
who has truly captured her interest in the way she had always hoped. Minnie
wants this to be a most special evening and how this desire manifests itself in
the joy she takes in preparing for Johnson’s arrival. As she with glee goes
about not only presenting herself in the fashion of a lady of beauty and
elegance but also the manner in which she tries to make her home as pleasant a
place as her means will allow.

Minnie sparkles in her wears and eyes of affection, as Johnson makes his entrance in to her humble cabin and it is with all the sentiments they share for each other that
they spend a romantic evening. It being Minnie, who tells of her previous life,
in what in all sincerity can be considered an evening of delight. The evening
along with the romance between Minnie and Johnson are however interrupted when
sheriff Rance, accompanied by some men knock on Minnie’s door. Minnie, for her part
knowing Rance to be a man of jealous ways tells Johnson to hide while she gets
rid of Rance.

Rance however surprises Minnie by revealing to her that Johnson in reality is the bandit, whom they are looking for. Minnie, at first refuses to accredit what she is
being told as she puts Rance’s accusations down to jealousy yet she is told of
a mistress Johnson (or Ramirez) has near by who has informed on him. Minnie at
this point is confused yet she does not hand Johnson over to Rance and his men,
as she is still in love with him. It is however when she is, once again left
alone with Johnson that she confronts him with what she has been told. Johnson
at this point confesses the truth regarding his identity which prompts Minnie
to throw him out of her cabin and it is with great sadness that she cries as he
walks out of her life; claiming it is all over between her and Johnson. Minnie
feels sad, as Johnson has left her and it is with regret that she consuls
herself that the matter of Johnson no longer concerns her.

A minute however goes by when shots are heard outside Minnie’s cabin and it does not take long for Johnson, who has been wounded to return. Minnie seeing Johnson is seriously
wounded tells him to hide, for she is aware that Rance is sure to look for him
in her cabin. Johnson accepts Minnie’s offer, of shelter as Rance in fact comes
back to look for Johnson though this time he does so unaccompanied. Rance
informs Minnie that Johnson has been shot nearby and that he is on his trail.
Minnie however claims she has not seen or heard from him which Rance believes
yet it is as he is about to leave that a drop of blood falls on his head from
Minnie’s ceiling. It being all too clear to Rance that Minnie has hidden
Johnson in her attic.

Minnie, seeing that Rance means to arrest Johnson makes him an offer of a poker game in which she promises, herself in marriage along with letting him take Johnson if she
should loose yet should she win then it is Rance; who must let Johnson go.
Rance accepts, as this is the moment he has been waiting for, for a very long
time. Minnie and Rance play the first hand and it is Minnie to come out on top
in a contest which will be won by the first who manages to win 2 out of 3
hands. The second hand however is won by Rance, to even up the score at one a
piece. As the contest becomes more intense with the third and final hand to
decide not only weather or not Johnson should go free but Minnie’s fate as
well.

The cards are drawn and Minnie knows she has lost, as she in fact has nothing while Rance is holding a much better hand. Rance can smell victory and more importantly for
him the hand of Minnie in marriage yet Minnie has a trick up her sleeve or
better yet one up her stockings. It is at this point that Minnie’s cunning
comes in to play as she fakes being ill and asks Rance to get her medication
and it is as he is distracted with worry over her health that she discards the
useless cards she was dealt and cleverly takes out of her stockings a winning
hand. Rance returns to the table with Minnie’s medicine which she takes and
pronounces that she has two pairs which beats Rance’s hand. Rance is enraged at
the sight of Minnie’s winning hand yet despite being bitter, accepts his defeat
graceful and much to his credit, honors the deal he made with Minnie; as he
exits her cabin with the words “bona notte” (good night).   

This scene is one of the most real in opera drama, as the moment is one made tense by how the fate of three individuals as well as the life of one will be decided by something
as fickle as cards in a poker game yet it is this scene which is made ever the
more tense by Puccini’s music which captures it to perfection. It being
precisely when Minnie is in despair at having lost the last hand that we sense
that she is in trouble only to come out on top, thanks to her astute ways which
see her emerge triumphant and free of having to marry a man she does not wish
to while setting free the one; whom she has fallen in love with.

Minnie however despite having won, is left alone as Johnson decides that perhaps it would be best for all concerned if he simply left Minnie’s cabin and got out of her
life. Minnie, for her part begs him to stay or at least until his wound has
healed however Johnson is adamant about going on his way. This bringing about
the end to the second act of “La Fanciulla
Del West” to set up what will follow in the third and final
act of this lovely opera.

Act Three Of Puccini’s “La Fanciulla Del West”

An article about Puccini’s opera “La Fanciulla Del West” which sees a woman cheat at cards in order to, not only save the man she
loves but avoid having to marry one; she; in all truth does not. It being this
spirit in Minnie which reminds me of my friend Marcela Vanmak, who bears many
similarities to the Minnie, who is also known as the fanciulla del west or the
girl from the golden west.

The third act of “La Fanciulla Del West” begins with Johnson’s capture, who by then everybody is fully aware that
he is really the wanted bandit, Ramirez. As he is being brought to a camp site
where he is to be hung by a bunch of men, who are hurling abuse at him with not
only verbal taunts but physical abuse which shows in the bruises and cuts on
his face.  Ramirez’s hands are tied up,
as he is being led while some of the men, who were sent to capture him even
spit at him while others call him a bandit as well as a murder; though this
second accusation he strappingly denies. Ramirez, claiming he was a thief but
never a murder.

Rance is present amongst the men who will watch Ramirez hang and it is with some satisfaction that he will do so. As Ramirez is the man, who in his opinion has stolen the
love of his life. Ramirez after a short speech in which he declares himself not
be a murder, is about to be hung as the noose has been place around his neck
yet it is at this moment that he asks a favor of those who mean to execute him.
Rance however does not wish to hear what he wants yet the rest say it is the
least they can do since he is soon to be executed anyway. Ramirez then seeing his
time on earth is limited asks the men if instead of telling Minnie how he
really ended up, that they could tell her that she escaped and is living
somewhere far away in a world of redemption. Ramirez declaring in his
supplication to the other men, who agree as this favor will not cost them
anything. Rance however sees Ramirez’s pleas as insolent and even slaps him yet
it is in the two minutes that he is given to express his last thoughts that we
hear one of the most inspirational pieces of music ever written by Puccini.

Ch'ella Mì Creda Libero” being the title of the aria which Ramirez uses to tell the rest of the men that in all his life, Minnie was his only flower and now that he faces his last moment, he
wants her to believe even if it is not true that he managed to escape and is
living somewhere in freedom as a man of good. This aria almost pleading with
those about him that they do this not so much for him but for Minnie, who has
fallen in love with him; so that she will not be saddened for the rest of her
life with the truth that he met his death at the end of a rope. For my own
taste, I can say that among those tenors who have sung this aria, my favorite
is Placido Domingo; who adds something in his lovely voice and acting ability
to this part which to my way of seeing things even surpasses the way the great
Caruso originally did this role. 

It is after Ramirez’s almost desperate appeal that he is about to be hung and undoubtedly would have been had it not been for the following circumstance. First, this is
an American opera and tragic endings are not what is expected. Second, because
Minnie comes to his rescue with a shotgun, saying if they wish to execute him
they will have to kill her as well. It being at this point that the men see
that Minnie really does love Ramirez and is even willing to die for him not
that they have any real desires to kill her. As she is the one who has done so
much for them yet they are still reluctant to simply let Ramirez go. Minnie
however begs them to release the man who is the first man she has ever loved.
Minnie insisting they can do so if they only wish to and it is with the noble
heart of the good woman she is that she is able to convince all the men, one by
one that there is no justice in hanging a man who has never killed anybody. The
men at this point realize the hurt they would be causing a woman who has done
nothing but good for them by executing Ramirez which prompts them to let him go
in peace with the woman who loves him as much as he loves her. Ramirez even
being looked upon with kind eyes by some of the men who shake his hand to
demonstrate that there are no hard feelings which he also does not feel for them.

Once released, Minnie puts her tender arms around Ramirez while they embrace in a kiss and declare that they are leaving California for good to live elsewhere and it is
with sadness that the men bid farewell to the couple; as act four and “La Fanciulla Del West” come to an
end. In conclusion, I would say that this is a wonderful opera even if it does
not share the popularity of other works by Puccini, for it captures that
feeling of romance which makes Italian opera one of pure enjoyment for the mind
as well as emotions.

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